Challenges and Strategies for Construction and Demolition Waste Management in Kabul: A Comparative Analysis and Path Forward

Abstract

Rapid urbanization in cities like Kabul has created pressing challenges in managing construction and demolition (C&D) waste, including poor infrastructure, illegal dumping, inadequate segregation, and limited regulation. This paper argues that policy fragmentation and a lack of recycling infrastructure are the primary obstacles to effective construction and demolition (C&D) waste management in Kabul. By assessing Kabul's current situation, contrasting it with international practices (Australia, Kuwait, Vietnam), and highlighting context-specific research gaps, the analysis demonstrates Kabul's urgent need for targeted, enforceable policies. Employing a comparative methodology, the paper demonstrates that developed nations effectively utilize economic incentives and policy coherence to promote C&D waste management. The study concludes that Kabul can make significant improvements by adopting clear policies that incentivize recycling, enhance segregation, and embrace circular economy practices.