Role of Micronutrients in Improving Yield and Fruit Quality in Grapes (Vitis vinifera L.): A Review

Abstract

Although required in trace quantities, micronutrients play a crucial role in determining grapevine productivity and fruit quality. As a high-value horticultural crop, grapevines respond positively to well-balanced micronutrient management. Essential micronutrients, including iron, zinc, boron, manganese, copper, and molybdenum, are involved in key physiological and biochemical processes such as photosynthesis, enzyme regulation, flowering, fruit set, and berry development. Deficiencies of these elements often lead to impaired vine growth, reduced yield, inferior fruit quality, and increased susceptibility to physiological disorders. Numerous studies have demonstrated that appropriate micronutrient application through soil and foliar methods enhances grape yield and improves quality attributes, including total soluble solids, acidity, berry size, and coloration. This review highlights the importance of balanced micronutrient management for sustainable grape production and discusses the specific roles of selected micronutrients (Fe, Zn, B, and Cu) in influencing grape yield and fruit quality.